Heat exchangers are critical components in many industrial processes, facilitating efficient heat transfer between fluids without mixing them. The choice of material for heat exchanger tubes significantly impacts performance, durability, and maintenance costs. Among various materials, **stainless st
Heat exchangers are essential components in various industrial processes, facilitating the transfer of heat between two or more fluids without mixing them. Among the materials used for constructing heat exchanger tubes, 316L stainless steel has gained significant popularity due to its excellent prop